Summary of the report on land and housing as economic levers J

Land and housing issues form a central pillar in the lives of Arab citizens, and are regularly at the top of the agenda of the Arab leaders, the community members, and the activists for the protection of the lands and their preservation so that they are a central component in providing housing solutions. These issues involve national, value, symbolic and economic aspects. In this short article we will not deal with the national dimension of the land and housing issues among the Palestinian Arab citizens (hereafter the Arab citizens), but will focus on the functional and economic dimensions, knowing that there is a close connection between the national and symbolic dimensions and the civil and functional-economic dimensions, especially in view of the continuing struggle between the state institutions and the Arab citizens Regarding the ownership of the lands, their planning and the granting of housing solutions.

Available lands are a basic condition for the creation of housing solutions and the development of the urban and rural space. The lands can be acquired through their purchase, or through allocations on behalf of the state, the local authority and the community institutions that manage the lands.

In order for the owner of the land or the holder of it to be able to use it for construction purposes for residential purposes or for a project that includes commerce and services, it is necessary that the land be designated for these purposes according to the Israeli Planning and Construction Law. Building and development licenses are issued based on legally approved outline plans. One of the conditions for obtaining a development license for the land is proof of ownership of it in the tabu records. The relevant state institutions are the body that grants a building license and issues taboo permits or ownership or maintenance of the land.

In addition, the planning institutions decide to which jurisdiction and which local authority the land belongs to. Factors such as a building license, a taboo certificate, the division of the land between owners and between local authorities, play an important role in determining both the development options of the land and its price. Most of these factors are directly affected by the government’s policy regarding the increase in supply, to meet the community’s demand for land and to provide adequate housing solutions for the community members.

The housing solutions are related to the existence of the land resource. Housing projects are, among other things, an important economic engine that pushes the settlement’s economy forward. The construction requirements of the house involve many actions: buying the land, building the house, hiring workers and professionals, and involvement of merchants and supply factories. As mentioned, this article will deal with the economic and functional aspects of the issue of land and housing among the Arab citizens, by briefly presenting the methods and ways of allocating the land, its management, its use, the operations of selling, buying and trading, and the intensity of its use.

Finally, we will present proposals for policy lines that can contribute to driving the economic activity related to land and housing in the Arab settlements. These proposals take into account the value and behavioral changes in Arab society. The article adopts the

The comparative critical descriptive methodology, and relies on previous studies conducted by the author of the article, who uses the methodology of the involved researcher, being an active “city planner” who works in the field as part of the effort to meet the needs of Arab society.

Land and housing issues are considered one of the central issues in the lives of Arab citizens, and it is always on the agenda of priorities, both leaders and members of society, working to defend the land, protect it, preserve it and plan it to form a central component in providing housing and creating economic levers in Arab towns. These issues have national, national, value, symbolic, service and economic dimensions. In this brief article, we do not seek to focus on the national and patriotic aspects of the issue of land and housing among the Palestinian Arab citizens (hereinafter the Arab citizens),

Rather, we wish to address it from the functional and economic aspects, with our awareness that there is a close organic link between the national / national and symbolic aspects and between the civil / functional and economic aspects of land and housing issues, especially in the case of continuing conflict over ownership, management and planning of land and provision of housing between state institutions and between need and status Arab citizens.

The provision of land is a prerequisite for the provision of housing and the development of urban and rural space, with what it includes of services and functions that constitute existential requirements for man. Provision of land takes place by owning or allocating it by the state or the local authority and private institutions that own and dispose of the land. In order for the owner or administrator to be able to use it for a housing project or an economic service project, the land must be allocated for these purposes according to the planning and building law in force in the country. According to this law, building and development licenses are granted according to the structural plans approved thereunder. Also, one of the conditions for obtaining a development license in the land is the availability of proof of ownership of the land registered in the real estate registry. Those who grant a building permit and issue a Kushan Tabu or a document owning and disposing of the land are the operating governmental institutions. It is also these institutions that determine who the land belongs to in terms of its location within any area of influence of a local authority. These factors (the building permit, Kushan Tabu, division of the land between owners and local authorities) contribute greatly to determining the development opportunities on the land and its price. Most of these factors are directly affected by government policies and their application to increase supply, to meet the needs of community demand for land, and to enable the provision of housing solutions to the community of appropriate size, shape and location. Thus, the provision of housing solutions is linked to the provision of land. The provision of housing does not stop at being a social demand, but rather it is a major economic engine that drives the economic department in the town, and this includes buying land, building a house and activating economic institutions (workers, craftsmen, merchants and factories) to provide the requirements for construction and occupancy of the house. In this context, this brief article aims to shed some light on the economic and functional aspects of the issue of land and housing among Arab citizens, by presenting a brief presentation of ways to provide land, its management, its use, buying and selling operations and Murabaha with it, the intensity of its use, and we conclude by presenting some horizons of the policies referred to in order to We move the economic process related to land and housing in Arab towns to meet the needs of Arab citizens, taking into account the value and behavioral transformations that this diverse society is going through. In presenting the article, we rely on the comparative descriptive-critical approach, relying on previous research also conducted by the author, who uses the method of “the researcher as a player” as an “active and resistant planner” who works in the field of planning to meet the needs of Arab citizens in their surroundings and their homeland.

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